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It can also be called a horseshoe lake, a loop lake, or a cutoff lake.Allen JRL (1965) The sedimentation and palaeogeography of the Old Red Sandstone of Anglesey, North Wales. An oxbow lake gets its name from the U-shaped collar placed around an ox's neck to which a plow is attached. These lakes eventually dried up to create acres of land for farming, housing, and industry. The Mississippi River is shorter now than it was in the 19th century, for instance, because engineers have cut off hundreds of meanders. Giant river otters ( Pteronura brasiliensis) frequently live in the Amazons oxbow lakes, and feed on about five kilograms (11 pounds) of fish per day. Along the Amazon River in South America, oxbow lakes are common and their still waters provide a unique habitat for plants and wildlife. Oxbow lakes can be rich wildlife habitats. Oxbow lakes often become swamps or bogs, and they often dry up as their water evaporates. There is no stream or spring feeding the lake, and it doesn't have a natural outlet. This means that water does not flow into or out of them. Oxbow lakes are the remains of the bend in the river. Erosion and deposition eventually cause a new channel to be cut through the small piece of land at the narrow end of the meander. Silt and sediment build up on convex banks. The banks opposite the concave banks are called convex banks. The force of the rivers flowing water wears away the land on the meanders concave banks. The corners of the curves closest to each other are called concave banks. Meanders that form oxbow lakes have two sets of curves: one curving away from the straight path of the river and one curving back. On these plains, rivers often have wide meanders. Oxbow lakes usually form in flat, low-lying plains close to where the river empties into another body of water. The meander becomes an oxbow lake along the side of the river. A lake forms as the river finds a different, shorter, course. An oxbow lake starts out as a curve, or meander, in a river.
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